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The Caucasus form a chain of high, alpine mountains separating the
Republic of Georgia from that of Russia to the north. Just north of
the main chain, several kilometres into Europe and into Russia, lies
Europe's highest summit - Mount Elbrus, 5642m. The main chain itself
contains many mountains over 5000m. and tens of summits higher than
Mont Blanc. The Baksan Valley leads, in about 40 miles, from the
northern foothills to the main chain itself. This is the most
important and best developed valley in the Caucasus, partly because of
the mineral wealth located near Tyrnyauz and partly on account of
Elbrus and the hundreds of magnificent mountains which comprise it's
watershed.
Western Caucasus (up to Elbrus),
is a boundary zone between moderate and warm humid climatic belts.
Central Caucasus (between Elbrus
and Kazbek), in the east forms the heart of the whole range
containing the highest mountains.
East Caucasus
(to the east from Kazbek). There is the significant modern congelation
(the area about 1430 км2).
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